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      實用文檔>語法總結之狀語從句

      語法總結之狀語從句

      時間:2024-09-09 15:55:33

      實用語法總結之狀語從句

      實用語法總結之狀語從句

      實用語法總結之狀語從句

        狀語從句有時間、地點、原因、目的、方式、結果、條件、讓步等八種。

        一、時間狀語從句

        引導詞有after,before,as,once,since,till,until,when,whenever,while,as soon as,the moment/minute…(一…就),the time,the day,every time,next time,each time,by the time of,no sooner…than(一…就),hardly…when(一…就)。例如:

        Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.

        每次他來這兒他都順便看我。

        He was ill last time I saw him.上次我見到他時他病了。

        No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一聽到這個消息就哭了.

        【辨析】when與while

        when引導的從句動詞可以是延續性的或短暫性的,while引導的從句中動詞必須是延續性的;在"be…when…”句式中when表"at that time(就在這時)"意,這樣用的when不能換為while;while有時并不表示時間,而表示對比,意“而”、“卻”,when無這樣的用法。例如:When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.

        【辨析】till與until

        一般情況下可以互換,但until可以位于句首,till則不能。例如:

        Until it stops raining,the children can?t go out.雨停了,孩子們才能出去.

        =Not until the rain stops can the children go out.

        二、地點狀語從句

        引導詞有where,wherever.例如:

        I?ll go wherever the people want me to go.(wherever=to any place where)

        He works where his grandfather fought.(where=in the place where)

        Where there is a will,there is a way.(Where=In the place where)

        三、原因狀語從句

        引導詞有because,since,as,now(that)(既然)

        回答以why提出的問題時,只能用because,而不能用as等。

        since=now(that),表“既然”意,表示已知的或明顯的原因,由此加以推論。例如:

        Now that/Since you are free today,you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk.

        for 是一個并列連詞,用來連接兩個并列句,引導的句子是對前面一句話的內容的推測或補充說明。例如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet./The day has broken,for the birds are singing.(這兩句中的for都不可換為because或as,since等。)

        四、目的狀語

        引導詞有so that,in order that,that ,incase(免得,以防)。目的狀語從句謂語常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情態動詞。例如:

        He ran as fast as possible in order that he could catch the bus./Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget.請明天再提醒我一下,以免我忘記。

        五、方式(或比較)狀語從句

        引導詞有as,as if,as though,than,as/so…as,the more…the more.例如:

        Tom is not so/as tall as John./It looks as if it is going to rain./He runs faster than I.

        注:as…as既可用于肯定句,又可用于否定句,so…as只能用于否定句。

        六、結果狀語從句

        引導詞有so…that,such…that,so that.例如:

        1. He works so hard that he makes great progress in his studies.

        2. It?s such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out.

        3. There?s not any noise here so that I feel very comfortable.

        第3個例句中so that從句不是目的狀語從句,從結構上看沒有can,may等情態動詞,從意思上看I feel very comfortalbe是There is not any noise的結果.

        七、條件狀語從句

        引導詞有if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,in case(如果)等,從句的時態用一般現在時(含現在完成時),一般過去時(含過去完成時)分別代替一般將來時和過去將來時。例如:

        If it rains tomorrow,I won?t go there./He said he would not go back home unless he had achieved a lot./I?ll study so long as. I?m alive./In case he come,let me know.如果他來的話,告訴我一聲。

        If 引導的條件句可以是真實性條件句,也可以是非真實性條件句、(用于虛擬語氣)

        八、讓步狀語從句

        引導詞有though,although,even if,even though,as,whoever,whatever,

        however,no matter+what/who/when/…等。例如:

        Though/Although he is ill,he still goes to school./She started her experiment,even though she had little money./Whatever you found,you must turn it in./However hard he worked,he hardly made any progress.

        as 作“盡管”意時,一般將其句中的表語放在句首,例如:Young as he is,he knows a lot.=Although he is young,he knows a lot.若表語為名詞,冠詞要省略,例如:

        Child as/though he is,he has remembered a lot of English words.(此句中though不可換為although)

        although或though不能與but同時出現在一個復合句中,但是"Although/Though…,(and)yet…”句式卻是正確的。例如:

        Although it is raining heavily,yet they are repairing the bridge.

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        實用語法總結之狀語從句

        實用語法總結之狀語從句

        實用語法總結之狀語從句

          狀語從句有時間、地點、原因、目的、方式、結果、條件、讓步等八種。

          一、時間狀語從句

          引導詞有after,before,as,once,since,till,until,when,whenever,while,as soon as,the moment/minute…(一…就),the time,the day,every time,next time,each time,by the time of,no sooner…than(一…就),hardly…when(一…就)。例如:

          Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.

          每次他來這兒他都順便看我。

          He was ill last time I saw him.上次我見到他時他病了。

          No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一聽到這個消息就哭了.

          【辨析】when與while

          when引導的從句動詞可以是延續性的或短暫性的,while引導的從句中動詞必須是延續性的;在"be…when…”句式中when表"at that time(就在這時)"意,這樣用的when不能換為while;while有時并不表示時間,而表示對比,意“而”、“卻”,when無這樣的用法。例如:When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.

          【辨析】till與until

          一般情況下可以互換,但until可以位于句首,till則不能。例如:

          Until it stops raining,the children can?t go out.雨停了,孩子們才能出去.

          =Not until the rain stops can the children go out.

          二、地點狀語從句

          引導詞有where,wherever.例如:

          I?ll go wherever the people want me to go.(wherever=to any place where)

          He works where his grandfather fought.(where=in the place where)

          Where there is a will,there is a way.(Where=In the place where)

          三、原因狀語從句

          引導詞有because,since,as,now(that)(既然)

          回答以why提出的問題時,只能用because,而不能用as等。

          since=now(that),表“既然”意,表示已知的或明顯的原因,由此加以推論。例如:

          Now that/Since you are free today,you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk.

          for 是一個并列連詞,用來連接兩個并列句,引導的句子是對前面一句話的內容的推測或補充說明。例如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet./The day has broken,for the birds are singing.(這兩句中的for都不可換為because或as,since等。)

          四、目的狀語

          引導詞有so that,in order that,that ,incase(免得,以防)。目的狀語從句謂語常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情態動詞。例如:

          He ran as fast as possible in order that he could catch the bus./Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget.請明天再提醒我一下,以免我忘記。

          五、方式(或比較)狀語從句

          引導詞有as,as if,as though,than,as/so…as,the more…the more.例如:

          Tom is not so/as tall as John./It looks as if it is going to rain./He runs faster than I.

          注:as…as既可用于肯定句,又可用于否定句,so…as只能用于否定句。

          六、結果狀語從句

          引導詞有so…that,such…that,so that.例如:

          1. He works so hard that he makes great progress in his studies.

          2. It?s such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out.

          3. There?s not any noise here so that I feel very comfortable.

          第3個例句中so that從句不是目的狀語從句,從結構上看沒有can,may等情態動詞,從意思上看I feel very comfortalbe是There is not any noise的結果.

          七、條件狀語從句

          引導詞有if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,in case(如果)等,從句的時態用一般現在時(含現在完成時),一般過去時(含過去完成時)分別代替一般將來時和過去將來時。例如:

          If it rains tomorrow,I won?t go there./He said he would not go back home unless he had achieved a lot./I?ll study so long as. I?m alive./In case he come,let me know.如果他來的話,告訴我一聲。

          If 引導的條件句可以是真實性條件句,也可以是非真實性條件句、(用于虛擬語氣)

          八、讓步狀語從句

          引導詞有though,although,even if,even though,as,whoever,whatever,

          however,no matter+what/who/when/…等。例如:

          Though/Although he is ill,he still goes to school./She started her experiment,even though she had little money./Whatever you found,you must turn it in./However hard he worked,he hardly made any progress.

          as 作“盡管”意時,一般將其句中的表語放在句首,例如:Young as he is,he knows a lot.=Although he is young,he knows a lot.若表語為名詞,冠詞要省略,例如:

          Child as/though he is,he has remembered a lot of English words.(此句中though不可換為although)

          although或though不能與but同時出現在一個復合句中,但是"Although/Though…,(and)yet…”句式卻是正確的。例如:

          Although it is raining heavily,yet they are repairing the bridge.